The city of Lucknow, now the capital of Uttar Pradesh, rose to prominence in the eighteenth century as the seat of the Nawabs of Awadh, who shaped its identity as a centre of refined culture, gracious living, and syncretic traditions. The annexation of Awadh by the British in 1856 marked the beginning of formalised colonial rule, introducing Indo-European influences that reshaped the city’s landscape. Lucknow was established as a municipality in 1858 and became a city corporation in 1960. Today, it is a major urban centre, witnessing growth in education, technology, and commerce—while retaining its historical and cultural soul. The city's layered heritage unfolds in distinct historical phases, each leaving its indelible mark.
With its tehżīb (etiquette), taḥqīq (inquiry), and ta‘līq (expression), Lucknow continues to enchant all who encounter it—whether in person, in verse, or in memory. This is a curated journey through the many-layered soul of the city, known not only for its magnificent architectural legacy and refined aesthetics but also for its literary expressions, culinary opulence, and enduring syncretic spirit.
Lucknow hum par fidā, hum fidā-e-Lucknow,
Kya hai tāqat humein chhoṛ kar chal diye.
— Mir Taqi Mir
The essay Dastan-e-Awadh traces the city's historical journey, while Nawabi Legacy of Splendour and Culture explores the influences of the Nawabs and the courtly traditions that defined the city’s identity for generations. Parikhana of Akhtarpiya delves into the artistic inclinations of Nawab Wajid Ali Shah and the unique cultural space of the parikhana.
A City of Architectural Confluence and The Many Lives of Lucknow’s Houses examine the city’s evolving built landscape, reflecting its architectural expressions and vernacular styles. Poetic Echoes of Lucknow reveals a city where Urdu poetry thrived—from the ghazal’s embrace and courtesans’ artistry to mushairas resounding through elite gatherings. Lakhnowi Zabaan turns the lens to its lyrical lehja, a language steeped in gentility and wit.
Nominated as a UNESCO Creative City of Gastronomy in 2025, Lucknow’s culinary heritage is celebrated in From Kebab to Korma and Beyond, which explores its refined palate and long-standing food traditions. Pulse of the City captures the energy of its vibrant bazaars and mercantile rhythms.
Hidden Gems around Lucknow uncovers the cultural richness of nearby qasbahs that echo the legacies of Awadh. From Royal Courts to Modern Runways showcases the exquisite embroidery traditions that have flourished and adapted over time. The city’s timeless cinematic allure comes alive in Lucknow in Celluloid Reverie inviting readers to discover its chai rituals, iconic eateries, and leisurely rhythms—reminding us that Lucknow is not just a city; it is an experience.
Sham-e-Awadh awaits you.